The club have been given until next Tuesday to respond with a hearing pencilled in for December 19.

Rangers submitted an appeal against the yellow card during their win in Paisley on November 3 under one of the two premises allowed – that of mistaken identity – after Candeias appeared to do nothing untoward during a clash with Anton Ferdinand.

After losing their case, Rangers stated it "defied belief" that Collum had been handed one of the biggest matches in Scottish football that weekend – Aberdeen versus Hibernian – while Candeias was suspended.

An official statement added: "Furthermore, it is understood that a number of people within the Scottish FA are in no doubt Mr Collum's judgement was flawed and Rangers shall also now be submitting a formal complaint about the performance of this referee.

"The manner in which he reacted to an incident involving our player made it obvious he did not give due consideration to his decision.

"This is by no means the first time errors of judgement have been made in matches involving this official and clearly there is an underlying issue which requires to be addressed."

It later emerged that Candeias had been booked partly for "making gestures" towards the St Mirren defender seconds earlier after his side scored to make it 2-0.

Rangers confirmed soon after the written reasons for their appeal failure were published that they had issued a formal complaint against Collum.

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